Binding and Weights

In order to bind everything together so that the geometry would move with the controls, I selected everything and then used the "Smooth Bind" tool. I needed to do some altering in the settings so that as much volume would be retained as possible when it was binded, in order to do this is selected the "Dual Quatterion" and lowered the max influence to 3 (which effects how far the influence of each control would spread over the geometry) 

Once this was done, I noticed that when the controls were moved, there was still a lot of influence across areas that i didn't wants. for example when I moved the arm around, it made the underarm and chest area sink and and out. This is where the adding weights came in. 

I used the paint weights influence tool which enabled me to see visually in colour how far the influence of each control was spreading.  Each colour had it's value, for example black had the lowest value meaning it suggested zero influence, so it was a matter of just painting the appropriate colours in the right places. The places with maximum influence needed to be painted with a higher value which meant orange/yellow.